• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    The self-locking descender (1) with pulley (2) comprises: • a first flange (3) provided with a side wall (3a) defining a rope circulation path (4), • a pulley (2) rotatable relative to the first flange (3) around a first axis of rotation (A), the pulley (2) rotating only in a first direction of rotation (+) around the first axis of rotation (A). The first axis of rotation (A) is mounted movable relative to the side wall (3a) of the first flange (3) so as to define a first position and a second position having different distances from the side wall (3a) of the first flange (3). The blocking of the pulley (2) according to the second direction of rotation (-) causes the displacement of the first axis of rotation (A) and the pulley (2) in the direction of the side wall of the first flange (3) up to a threshold position.
    公开号:FR3084264A1
    申请号:FR1856877
    申请日:2018-07-24
    公开日:2020-01-31
    发明作者:Pierre-Olivier CHABOD
    申请人:Zedel SAS；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    PULLEY DESCENDER
    Technical field of the invention
    The invention relates to a self-locking pulley descender whose operation is improved and more particularly to a self-locking pulley descender capable of supporting heavy loads.
    State of the art
    In mountaineering and other mountain activities, it is common to have a blocking pulley which can be used in the event of a fall into a crevice or to lift any heavy load. Such a blocking pulley must have a good yield when used as a pulley as well as a good ability to block the rope. Finally, the blocking pulley must have a reduced weight and size because the equipment is permanently in the bag and is used very rarely.
    In the professional fields, and in particular in rescue, it is also necessary to have a blocking pulley. The constraints of use are different because the pulley is used more regularly on much larger loads. In addition, during a rescue, it is particularly interesting to have in addition the possibility of lowering a victim who has previously been mounted. It is therefore advantageous to use a self-locking pulley descender.
    Under these conditions, the use of a blocking pulley such as that presented in document US 9,120,654 is not suitable.
    For professional use, it is known to use a pulley descender marketed under the name "MAESTRO" by the applicant. Such a descender comprises a pulley configured to rotate only in one direction around its axis of rotation. The descender also includes a rotary cam which is configured to lock the rope when the movement of the rope is intended to generate a rotation of the pulley in the second direction of rotation.
    In this configuration, the cam is in permanent or almost permanent contact with the rope so that the movement of the rope to generate the second direction of rotation of the pulley causes the cam to rotate towards a blocking position.
    The inventors have noticed that the speed of blocking changes significantly with the surface quality of the rope as well as with the temperature of the descender.
    An identical observation can be drawn from the pulley with descender marketed by the company CMC under the name CSR2 PULLEYS and presented in document US 7,419,138. This solution is not suitable because it does not support significant stresses on the rope so that a slip can occur which generates a heating of the pulley and therefore a lowering of the coefficient of friction between the pulley and the rope .
    It also appears that the device marketed by CMC under the name MPD ™ Multi Purpose Device does not provide a satisfactory result. Such a product is presented in document US Pat. No. 7,658,264 and has a pulley mounted to move around an axis of rotation. The pulley is associated with a cam also mounted mobile around the axis of rotation.
    The pulley is configured to allow only one direction of rotation. When traction on a strand of rope is applied in the second direction of rotation, the pulley locks up. The friction between the rope and the pulley causes the rotation of the pulley until the rope is jammed by the cam. Sufficient friction is required in order to counter the force provided by a resistance spring which places the cam in a position preventing any blocking of the rope.
    As indicated in document US Pat. No. 7,658,264, the blocking of the rope is highly dependent on the friction between the rope and the pulley, which results in great variability in the quality of the blocking depending on the state of wear of the rope, of the pulley,
    Subject of the invention
    An object of the invention aims to remedy these drawbacks by proposing a pulley descender which improves the blocking of the rope, in particular by means of a configuration in which the evolution of the coefficient of friction is of less importance in the rope lock.
    For this purpose, the pulley descender includes:
    • a first flange provided with a side wall defining a rope blocking area, • a cam movable in rotation relative to the first flange so as to approach or move away from the rope blocking area, • a pulley intended coming into contact with the rope and mounted rotatably relative to the first flange around a first shaft defining a first axis of rotation, the pulley being configured to rotate only in a first direction of rotation around the first axis of rotation and preventing rotation in the second direction of rotation about said first axis of rotation, the cam projecting from the pulley.
    The self-locking pulley descender is remarkable in that:
    - the first shaft is mounted movable relative to the blocking zone to move the first axis of rotation,
    the cam is rotatably mounted around a second axis of rotation defined by a second shaft different from the first shaft so that the position of the cam relative to the blocking zone is linked to the position of the first shaft, and
    - the first axis of rotation is offset from the second axis of rotation so that the application of a force on the rope to rotate the pulley in the first direction of rotation generates a force aimed at moving the cam away from the blocking zone and the application of a force on the rope to rotate the pulley in the second direction of rotation generates a force aimed at bringing the cam closer to the blocking zone.
    Advantageously, a spring is arranged to apply a force moving the cam towards the rope blocking zone. In a preferred embodiment, the spring is arranged to move the first axis of rotation to a first position. The application of a force on the rope to obtain the rotation of the pulley according to the first direction of rotation moves the first axis of rotation to move away from the first position
    In a development, the first axis of rotation is mounted mobile in rotation relative to the first flange around the second axis of rotation, the first axis of rotation being mobile according to the first direction of rotation and the second direction of rotation relative to the second axis of rotation, the blocking of the pulley in the second direction of rotation causing the displacement of the first axis of rotation and of the pulley in the second direction of rotation around the second axis of rotation.
    Preferably, the first axis of rotation is offset from the second axis of rotation so that the application of a stress on the rope to rotate the pulley in the first direction of rotation generates a moment aimed at shifting the cam from the area of blocking and that the disappearance of said constraint causes the displacement of the cam towards the blocking zone.
    In a preferred embodiment, when the pulley moves in the first direction of rotation, the pulley is in a first position which is further from the rope blocking area than a second position representative of a blocking of the rope.
    Advantageously, the rotation of the pulley and of the first axis of rotation in the second direction of rotation cause the rotation of the cam around the second axis of rotation to bring the cam closer to the blocking zone.
    It is advantageous to provide that the cam is mounted fixed on the second axis of rotation or on the first axis of rotation.
    Preferably, the first flange has a first groove. The pulley and the second axis of rotation are mounted on a support associated with a first pin passing through the first groove. The movement of the first pin along the first groove causes the support to rotate in the first direction of rotation. The descender is provided with a handle comprising a stop arranged to come into contact with the first pin, the rotation of the handle in the first direction of rotation causes the rotation of the first pin in the first direction of rotation.
    It is also possible to provide that the first flange has a second groove. The support is associated with a second pin passing through the second groove, a spring being fixed to the first flange to move the second pin in the second direction of rotation.
    In another embodiment, the spring is mounted around the second axis of rotation.
    Preferably, the pulley comprises a toothed wheel associated with at least one blocker and a blocking spring. The toothed wheel, the at least one blocker and the blocking spring are arranged to allow rotation of the pulley in the first direction of rotation and to prevent rotation in the second direction of rotation.
    In a preferred embodiment, the pulley has a plurality of flats arranged in a groove of the pulley so as to define narrowing in the groove.
    The invention also relates to a method of blocking a rope in a pulley descender. The method allows easier blocking of the rope in the descender by reducing the dependence on the coefficient of friction which exists between the rope and the descender.
    The blocking process is remarkable in that it includes:
    - provide a self-locking pulley descender according to one of the preceding embodiments with a pulley mounted movably on a first flange and a cam,
    - install a rope in the self-locking descender,
    - pull the rope so as to rotate the pulley in a first direction of rotation,
    - pull on the rope to rotate the pulley in a second direction of rotation and cause the blocking of the pulley, the cam moving towards a side wall until the rope blocks
    Brief description of the drawings
    Other advantages and characteristics will emerge more clearly from the description which follows of particular embodiments of the invention given by way of nonlimiting examples and represented in the appended drawings, in which:
    FIG. 1 illustrates, schematically, in perspective, a self-locking descender closed with an installed rope,
    FIG. 2 illustrates, schematically, in perspective, a self-locking descender open with an installed rope, the second flange being absent,
    FIG. 3 schematically illustrates, in front view, an embodiment in which the cam is in the standby position, the second flange being absent,
    FIG. 4 schematically illustrates, in front view, an embodiment in which the cam is in the locking position,
    FIG. 5 schematically illustrates, in section, an embodiment in which the cam is in the locking position, the section being made in the thickness of the pulley,
    FIG. 6 schematically illustrates, in section, an embodiment in which the cam is in the locking position, the section being made in the thickness of the handle,
    FIG. 7 schematically illustrates, in section, an embodiment in which the cam is in a position allowing the rope to slide, the section being made in the thickness of the handle,
    - Figure 8 schematically illustrates, in section, an exploded view of the installation of a pulley and a cam on a support.
    detailed description
    Figures 1 and 2 show perspective views of a self-locking descender 1 with pulley 2. The self-locking descender 1 has a first flange 3 provided with a side wall 3a defining a path for circulation of a rope 4 inside of the descender 1. The descender defines two entry / exit holes for the rope in the descender 1. The rope enters the descender through a first opening passes over the pulley 2 and leaves the descender through the second opening. The rope is divided into a first strand and a second strand depending on whether one is on one side or the other of the pulley 2.
    Figure 1 shows a closed descender while Figure 2 shows an open descender. Opening the descender 1 allows you to install or remove the rope 4. Closing the descender 1 keeps the rope 4 in the descender 1.
    The descender 1 has a pulley 2 which is rotatably mounted relative to the first flange 3. The pulley 2 rotates around a first axis of rotation A. The pulley 2 is mounted on a first shaft 26 which defines the first axis of rotation A The shaft 26 is illustrated in FIG. 8 for example.
    Pulley 2 is configured to rotate only in one direction of rotation. In other words, the pulley 2 has an autorotation and it is configured to rotate according to a first direction of rotation noted + and it configured to be blocked when it is desired to perform a rotation according to the second direction of rotation noted - and opposite at the first direction of rotation.
    In this way, when the user pulls on a first strand of the rope 4, the pulley 2 rotates according to the first direction of rotation. On the contrary, when the user pulls the second strand of the rope 4, the pulley 2 locks.
    In addition to being mounted movable in rotation around the first axis of rotation A, the pulley 2 is also mounted movable relative to the first flange 3 to move between first and second positions.
    Figure 3 shows the pulley 2 in the first position while Figure 4 shows the pulley 2 in the second position. The second position is closer to the side wall 3a than the first position, which makes it possible to define a position for blocking the rope. The first position allows the rope 4 to slide relative to the descender 1 in a configuration equivalent to a rotation of the pulley in the second direction of rotation. The pulley 2 being locked in the second direction of rotation, the movement of the rope 4 is done by sliding.
    When the second strand of rope 4 is pulled (strand on the right in Figures 3 and 4), the pulley 2 is blocked which causes the pulley 2 to move to the second position and causes the rope to be blocked 4. Alternatively , when the second strand of rope 4 is pulled, an additional effort is applied to lock the rope 4.
    This embodiment is particularly advantageous because the rope 4 is in direct contact with the pulley 2 which increases the contact surface used to move towards the blocking position. The increased contact surface between the pulley 2 and the rope 4 facilitates the displacement of the pulley 2 towards the locking position. The pulley 2 is fixed because in the impossibility of turning in the second direction of rotation, the friction of the rope 4 on the pulley 2 is used to reach the threshold blocking position.
    In the configurations of the prior art, the pulley is only mounted mobile in rotation about its axis of rotation so that the tension applied to the second strand of the rope blocks the pulley. Once the pulley is blocked, the movement of the rope generates a friction force against a spring to move a cam to reach the blocking position of the rope. Since the cam has a reduced surface, it is more difficult to achieve sufficient friction of the rope on the cam for the cam to reach the locking position. It is also difficult to have sufficient friction between the rope and the pulley to counter the effect of the spring and ensure adequate release of the blockage. If the force generated by the spring is too weak it can unexpectedly block the rope. It is also known to have a camless configuration with the pulley which intervenes in the blocking of the rope. In this latter configuration, the blocking is limited because the displacement of the pulley axis of rotation is necessarily small. This latter solution does not produce significant blocking forces and is highly dependent on the quality of the contact between the rope and the pulley.
    The movement of the pulley 2 can be arbitrary to reach the blocking threshold position. It is possible to use a movement in translation, a movement a rotation or a combination of these two movements. In a particularly advantageous manner, a rotational movement is preferred because it makes it possible to better manage the force applied to the pulley 2 with regard to the tension present in the rope 4.
    In the illustrated embodiment, the first axis of rotation A is mounted mobile in rotation relative to the first flange 3 around a second axis of rotation B different from the first axis of rotation A. The first axis of rotation A is mobile according to the first direction of rotation + and according to the second direction of rotation - relative to the second axis of rotation B. The blocking of the pulley 2 according to the second direction of rotation - causes the displacement of the first axis of rotation A and the pulley 2 according to the second direction of rotation around the second axis of rotation B so that the distance between the pulley 4 and the side wall 3a of the first flange 1 decreases to the threshold position where blocking occurs. Conversely, the rotation of the pulley 2 can cause the first axis of rotation A to move to move away from a blocking position of the rope 4.
    To gain efficiency during the rotation of the pulley, when the pulley 2 moves in the first direction of rotation +, the pulley 2 is outside the second position and preferably in the first position which is further from the wall lateral 3a than the second position. Thus, during the rotation of the pulley 2, the rope 4 must not overcome a high friction force which makes it possible to maintain a high yield when drawing a load fixed to the second strand.
    The descender 1 has a cam 5 or shoe for blocking the rope 4 against the side wall 3a of the first flange 3. The rotation of the pulley 2 and of the first axis of rotation A according to the second direction of rotation causes the appearance of a force which induces the rotation of the cam 5 around the second axis of rotation B with a decrease in the distance between the cam 5 and the blocking zone up to the threshold position representative of the blocking of the rope. The rotation of the pulley 2 and of the first axis of rotation A according to the first direction of rotation causes the appearance of a force which induces the rotation of the cam 5 around the second axis of rotation B with an increase in the distance between the cam 5 and the locking zone to exit the rope locking position 4.
    The use of a movable cam 5 distinct from the pulley 3 and projecting from the pulley 2 ensures better locking of the rope 4 between the cam 5 and the side wall 3a. The movement of the pulley 2 allows the cam 5 to be brought closer to its blocking position, which facilitates obtaining the blocking of the rope 4. The movement of the pulley 2 advantageously makes it possible to move the cam 5 in order to increase the applied tension. by the cam 5 on the rope 4 by bringing it closer to the side wall 3a, which makes it easier to obtain a threshold friction force ensuring the self-locking of the rope 4.
    The cam 5 is rotatably mounted around a second shaft 26 which defines a second axis of rotation B distinct from the first axis of rotation A. The cam 5 is rotatably mounted around the second axis of rotation B so that the position of the cam 5 relative to the blocking zone is linked to the position of the first shaft 25.
    As illustrated in Figures 3 and 4, the first axis of rotation A is offset from the second axis of rotation B so that the application of a force on the rope 4 to rotate the pulley 2 according to the first direction of rotation + generates a force aimed at moving the cam 5 away from the blocking zone. The application of a force on the rope 4 to rotate the pulley 2 in the second direction of rotation - generates a force aimed at bringing the cam 5 closer to the locking zone.
    The offset between the two axes of rotation A and B induces the appearance of a torque when the first strand of rope 4 or the second strand of rope 4 is pulled. It is particularly advantageous to use this torque to move the cam 5 or generate a force aimed at moving the cam 5.
    In a particular configuration, the first axis of rotation A and the second axis of rotation B are placed so that the weight of the pulley 2 causes the cam 5 to move out of the rope locking position 4.
    In a particular configuration, the first axis of rotation A and the second axis of rotation B are placed so that when the first strand of rope is pulled, the pulley 2 and the cam 5 move to move away from the locking position before the pulley 2 begins to rotate around the first axis of rotation A.
    In an advantageous configuration, the cam 5 is fixedly mounted on the first shaft 25, this configuration makes it possible to have, for example, the rotation of the cam 5 in an identical manner to the rotation of the second axis of rotation B.
    It is also advantageous to provide an embodiment in which the first flange 3 has a first groove 6 and in which the position of the pulley 2 is represented by the position of an indicator in the first groove 6. It is then possible to quickly determine if the blocking of the rope 4 comes from the position of the pulley 2 or from another element. If the indicator cooperates with a handle 12, the position of the handle 12 provides an indication of the position of the indicator.
    Advantageously illustrated in FIG. 8, the pulley 2 and the second axis of rotation B are mounted on a support 7 associated with a first pin 8 passing through the first groove 6. The displacement of the first pin 8 along the first groove 6 causes the support 7 to rotate in the first direction of rotation + and in the second direction of rotation. The rotation of the support 7 causes the rotation of the first pin 8.
    Preferably, the first flange 3 defines a second groove 9. The position of the pulley 2 relative to the first flange 3 is represented by the position of a second indicator in the second groove 9. The support 7 is associated with a second pin 10 which passes through the second groove 9. It is particularly advantageous to use a spring 11 fixed to the first flange 3 to move the pulley 2 to the second position, that is to say the second pin 10 to facilitate the blocking of the rope 2. In the illustrated embodiment, the spring 11 is configured to move the pulley 2 according to the second direction of rotation - and tend towards the blocking position of the rope 4.
    It is particularly advantageous to provide that the spring 11 is fixed to the second indicator, here the second pin 10 so as not to interfere with the rotation of the pulley 2 and the routing of the rope 4.
    In the embodiment illustrated in FIGS. 6 and 7, the spring 11 is separated from the pulley 2 by the first flange 3 which makes it possible to have a compact architecture in the path of the rope 4. The spring 11 can be produced by any known technique, for example with a helical spring in torsion, in tension or in compression. It is also possible to form a spring 11 by elastic deformation of one or more plates.
    It is particularly advantageous to provide that the spring 11 is mounted around the second axis of rotation B, which makes it possible to gain compactness.
    In a particular embodiment, the descender 1 comprises a handle 12 as illustrated in FIGS. 1 to 7. The handle 12 comprises a stop 12a arranged to come into contact with the first pin 8. The rotation of the handle 12 according to the first direction of rotation brings the abutment 12a into contact with the first pin and then displaces the first pin according to the first direction of rotation +.
    This embodiment is particularly advantageous when the second pin 10 is associated with the spring 11. The spring 11 is arranged to move the pulley 2 towards the locking position.
    The rotation of the handle 12 from a waiting position makes it possible to bring the stop 12a into contact with the first pin 8. By turning the handle 12, the stop 12 a presses on the first pin 8 which moves. The handle 12 exerts a force which opposes the force applied by the spring 11 which displaces the pulley 2 and the cam 5 if necessary. The stress applied on the rope 4 decreases, which allows the rope to slide. The movement of the handle 12 makes it possible to regulate the distance between the pulley 2 / the cam 5 and the side wall 3a, which allows the intensity to be regulated. of the friction force and therefore the speed of travel of the rope 4 in the descender 1.
    More generally, it is advantageous to provide that the spring 11 displaces the cam 5 towards the blocking zone, that is to say displaces the cam 5 towards a position for blocking the rope so that, by default, the cam 5 blocks the rope 4 regardless of the intensity of the friction between the rope 4 and the pulley 2.
    In this configuration, the cam 5 is by default in a position which blocks the rope 4. By pulling on the first strand of rope 4, the torque generated opposes the spring, which allows a movement of the pulley and a movement of the cam. The cam no longer blocks the rope which can be pulled by taking advantage of the rotation of the pulley to obtain a high yield during pulling.
    In the embodiment illustrated in FIG. 5, the self-locking descender 1 comprises a pulley 2 provided with a toothed wheel 13 associated with at least one blocker 14 and a spring 15 known as a blocking spring. The toothed wheel 13, the at least one blocker 14 and the spring 15 are arranged to allow rotation of the pulley 2 according to the first direction of rotation + and to prevent rotation of the pulley 2 according to the second direction of rotation -. This configuration is particularly advantageous because the locking system according to the second direction of rotation is located inside the pulley 2 which does not hinder the routing of the rope 4. In the illustrated embodiment, the spring 15 is mounted in the pulley 2 in order to facilitate its integration and the compactness of the pulley 2. However, other configurations are possible.
    Advantageously, the pulley 2 comprises a plurality of flats 16 arranged in a groove in the pulley 2 so as to define narrowing in the groove. These multiple decreases in the section of the groove of the pulley 2 form areas of privileged friction when the rope 4 must slide along the pulley 2. It is also possible to plan to use a smooth roller or a faceted roller. In one embodiment, the roller can define a groove whose section is more or less pronounced V-shaped in order to define the friction force.
    Advantageously, the first flange 3 is associated with a second flange 17 which is mounted movable relative to the first flange 3. Advantageously, the second flange 17 is mounted movable in rotation about a third axis of rotation C. The rotation of the second flange 17 makes it possible to open or close the descender 1 as illustrated in FIGS. 1 and 2.
    The first flange 3 and the second flange 17 each define a fixing opening 18. The two fixing openings 18 are placed opposite so as to cooperate with a connector (not shown), for example a carabiner which allows to fix the descender 1 at a fixed point.
    The first flange 3 also defines a second fixing opening 19 for installing, for example, a carabiner.
    The first flange 3 has a blocking stop 20 which is configured to block the progression of the second flange 17 to its closed position which closes the descender 1.
    As illustrated in FIG. 8, it is possible to install the first axis of rotation 1 of the pulley 2 on a support 7 so that it can move in two different movements, possibly simultaneously with respect to the first flange 3.
    Advantageously, the cam 5 is fixed to the support 7 by means of a fixing element 22 which extends through the first opening 6 to form the first pin 8. Preferably, the fixing element 22 passes through the support 7 until a second support is reached 23. The second support is fixed to the first support 7. The first support 7 and the second support are separated by the pulley 2 and by the cam 5. The cam 5 is fixedly mounted on the support 7 .
    Preferably, the first pin 8 is surrounded by one or more bearings 24 which improves the sliding in the first groove 6.
    The axis of rotation A is advantageously defined by a shaft 25. The shaft 25 has a first through hole which aligns with a first through hole of the support 7 in order to insert a second shaft 26 forming the second axis of rotation B Advantageously, the second support 23 has a first hole which aligns with the first hole in the shaft 25 which makes it possible to fix the rotation shaft 25, the first support 7 and the second support 23 by means of the second tree 26.
    Advantageously, the shaft 25 also has a second through hole which aligns with a second through hole of the support 7 and possibly of the second support 23. The second through holes are crossed by a second rod forming the pin 10. The using two series of through holes ensures that the movement applied to the support 7 results in the same movement on the shaft 25 and therefore on the first axis of rotation as well as on the cam 5.
    In a preferred embodiment, the shaft 25 is separated from the support 7 by a bearing 27 which improves the rotation of the shaft 25 relative to the support 7 and therefore improves the rotation of the pulley 2 by support 7.
    The pulley 2 is of circular section and has a groove for the passage of the rope 4. The pulley 2 is in the form of a ring in order to install the first axis of rotation A in the center of the pulley 2. The pulley advantageously defines a toothed wheel 13.
    The toothed wheel 13 cooperates with blockers 14 which are installed on the shaft 25 as well as with springs 15 which press on the blockers 14, to shift the blockers 14 outwards and the teeth of the toothed wheel 13.
    In the illustrated embodiment, the pulley 2 is rotatably mounted by means of a bearing 21, for example a ball bearing which is inserted between the pulley 2 and the shaft 25. The shaft 25 defines the first axis of rotation A and the bearing 21 makes it possible to facilitate the rotation of the pulley 2 relative to the shaft 25.
    The use of the descender 1 can be described as follows. A self-locking descender 1 according to one of the multiple embodiments described above is provided. Rope 4 is installed in the descender
    1.
    The user pulls on the first strand of the rope 4 which allows the pulley 2 to rotate in a first direction of rotation +. The load attached to the second strand of the rope 4 is lifted.
    The second strand of rope 4 is pulled to rotate the pulley 2 in the second direction of rotation - which causes blocking of the pulley 2. The pulley 2 moves towards a side wall until the rope blocks 4.
    In the illustrated embodiment, the force applied to the second strand of rope causes the support 7 to move, here a rotation movement with a rotation movement of the cam 5.
    In a particular configuration, the spring 11 moves the support 7 towards the blocking position so that the descender 1 blocks the rope 4 by default. When a tension is applied to the first strand of rope 4, the pulley 2 moves so as to unlock the rope 2 and facilitate the rotation of the pulley 2 and therefore the efficiency during the lifting of the load present on the second strand rope 4.
    Once the tension is released on the first strand of rope 4, the support 7 returns to the blocking position.
    权利要求:
    Claims (14)
    [1" id="c-fr-0001]
    claims
    1. Self-locking descender (1) with pulley (2) for a rope (4) comprising:
    - a first flange (3) provided with a side wall (3a) defining a rope blocking zone,
    - a cam (5) movable in rotation relative to the first flange (3) so as to approach or move away from the rope blocking zone,
    - a pulley (2) intended to come into contact with the rope (4) and rotatably mounted relative to the first flange (3) around a first shaft defining a first axis of rotation (A), the pulley (2) being configured to rotate only in a first direction of rotation (+) around the first axis of rotation (A) and to prevent rotation in the second direction of rotation (-) around said first axis of rotation (A), the cam (5) projecting from the pulley (2), self-locking descender (1) with pulley (2) characterized in that:
    - the first shaft is mounted movable relative to the blocking zone to move the first axis of rotation (A),
    - the cam (5) is rotatably mounted around a second axis of rotation (B) defined by a second shaft different from the first shaft so that the position of the cam (5) relative to the blocking zone is linked to the position of the first tree, and
    - the first axis of rotation (A) is offset from the second axis of rotation (B) so that the application of a force on the rope (4) to rotate the pulley (2) according to the first direction of rotation ( +) generates a force aimed at moving the cam (5) away from the blocking zone and the application of a force on the rope (4) to rotate the pulley (2) according to the second direction of rotation (-) generates a force aimed at bringing the cam (5) closer to the blocking zone.
    [2" id="c-fr-0002]
    2. Self-locking descender (1) according to claim 1, wherein a spring (11) is arranged to apply a force moving the cam (5) towards the rope blocking zone.
    [3" id="c-fr-0003]
    3. Self-locking descender (1) according to claim 2, in which the spring (11) is arranged to move the first axis of rotation (A) to a first position and in which the application of a force on the rope (4 ) to obtain the rotation of the pulley (2) according to the first direction of rotation (+) moves the first axis of rotation (A) to move away from the first position.
    [4" id="c-fr-0004]
    4. Self-locking descender (1) according to one of the preceding claims, in which the first axis of rotation (A) is mounted mobile in rotation relative to the first flange (3) around the second axis of rotation (B), the first axis of rotation (A) being movable in the first direction of rotation (+) and the second direction of rotation (-) relative to the second axis of rotation (B), the blocking of the pulley (2) in the second direction of rotation (-) causing the first axis of rotation (A) and the pulley (2) to move in the second direction of rotation around the second axis of rotation (B).
    [5" id="c-fr-0005]
    5. Self-locking descender (1) according to the preceding claim wherein the first axis of rotation (A) is offset from the second axis of rotation (B) so that the application of a stress on the rope (4) to rotate the pulley (2) according to the first direction of rotation (+) generates a moment aimed at shifting the cam (5) from the blocking zone and that the disappearance of said stress causes the displacement of the cam (5) towards the zone of blocking.
    [6" id="c-fr-0006]
    6. Self-locking descender (1) according to the preceding claim, wherein when the pulley (2) moves in the first direction of rotation (+), the pulley (2) is in a first position which is further from the area rope lock than a second position representative of a rope lock (4).
    [7" id="c-fr-0007]
    7. Self-locking descender (1) according to the preceding claim, in which the rotation of the pulley (2) and of the first axis of rotation (A) according to the second direction of rotation (-) cause the rotation of the cam (5) around the second axis of rotation (B) to bring the cam (5) closer to the blocking zone.
    [8" id="c-fr-0008]
    8. Self-locking descender (1) according to the preceding claim, wherein the cam (5) is fixedly mounted on the second axis of rotation (B) or on the first axis of rotation (A).
    [9" id="c-fr-0009]
    9. Self-locking descender (1) according to any one of claims 4 to 8, in which the first flange (3) comprises:
    - A first groove (6) and in which the pulley (2) and the second axis of rotation (B) are mounted on a support (7) associated with a first pin (8) passing through the first groove (6) , the displacement of the first pin (8) along the first groove (6) causing the support (7) to rotate in the first direction of rotation (+),
    - A handle (12) comprising a stop arranged to come into contact with the first pin (7), the rotation of the handle (12) according to the first direction of rotation causes the rotation of the first pin (7) according to the first direction of rotation (+).
    [10" id="c-fr-0010]
    10. Self-locking descender (1) according to the combination of claims 2 and 4, in which the first flange (3) has a second groove (9) and in which the support (7) is associated with a second pin (10) passing through the through the second groove (9), the spring (11) being fixed to the first flange (3) to move the second pin (10) in the second direction of rotation (-).
    [11" id="c-fr-0011]
    11. Self-locking descender (1) according to the preceding claim, in which the spring (11) is mounted around the second axis of rotation (B).
    [12" id="c-fr-0012]
    12. Self-locking descender (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, in which the pulley (2) comprises a toothed wheel (13) associated with at least one blocker (14) and a blocking spring (15), the toothed wheel (13), the at least one blocker (14) and the blocking spring (15) being arranged to allow rotation of the pulley (2) according to the first direction of rotation (+) and to prevent rotation according to the second sense of rotation (-).
    [13" id="c-fr-0013]
    13. Self-locking descender (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, in which the pulley (2) comprises a plurality of flats (16) arranged in a groove of the pulley (2) so as to define narrowing in the groove .
    [14" id="c-fr-0014]
    14. Method for blocking a rope, characterized in that it comprises:
    - providing a self-locking descender (1) with pulley (2) according to one of the preceding claims with a pulley (2) movably mounted on a first flange (3) and a cam (5),
    - install a rope (2) in the self-locking descender (1),
    - pull on the rope (2) so as to rotate the pulley (2) in a first direction of rotation (+),
    - pull on the rope (2) to rotate the pulley (2) in a second direction of rotation (-) and cause blocking of the pulley (2), the cam (5) moving in the direction of an area of locking until the rope is blocked (4).
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    FR3084264B1|2020-09-18|
    EP3599000A1|2020-01-29|
    US10828516B2|2020-11-10|
    US20200031638A1|2020-01-30|
    CN212757097U|2021-03-23|
    BR102019015108A2|2020-02-04|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    RU2137519C1|1998-11-24|1999-09-20|Козлов Виктор Алексеевич|Lifting and lowering apparatus|
    US20140262611A1|2013-03-14|2014-09-18|Black Diamond Equipment, Ltd.|Systems for Assisted Braking Belay with a Cam-Clutch Mechanism|
    WO2016164613A1|2015-04-07|2016-10-13|Harken, Incorporated|High load descender with adaptive release linkage|
    US6068242A|1994-04-25|2000-05-30|Kingery; Gerald M.|Unitary, ridged and ratcheted pulley block|
    US7658264B2|2005-03-16|2010-02-09|Kirk Martin Mauthner|Combination descender, pulley and force limiting rope brake|
    US7419138B1|2007-02-23|2008-09-02|Cmc Rescue, Inc.|Self-camming pulley|
    FR2962724B1|2010-07-16|2012-08-03|Zedel|DETACHABLE BLOCKER PULLEY|
    US20130043450A1|2011-08-19|2013-02-21|Russ Kommer|Lifting or locking system and method|FR3080045B1|2018-04-11|2020-05-15|Zedel|SELF-LOCKING DESCENDER WITH RELEASABLE HANDLE|
    CN112827091A|2021-01-25|2021-05-25|列耀乐|Automatic control emergency stop rope pulley for forest rescue|
    法律状态:
    2019-06-19| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 2 |
    2020-01-31| PLSC| Search report ready|Effective date: 20200131 |
    2020-06-12| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 3 |
    2021-06-11| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 4 |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    FR1856877|2018-07-24|
    FR1856877A|FR3084264B1|2018-07-24|2018-07-24|PULLEY DESCENDER|FR1856877A| FR3084264B1|2018-07-24|2018-07-24|PULLEY DESCENDER|
    EP19187414.8A| EP3599000A1|2018-07-24|2019-07-19|Abseiling device with pulley|
    BR102019015108A| BR102019015108A2|2018-07-24|2019-07-23|descender with pulley|
    US16/520,498| US10828516B2|2018-07-24|2019-07-24|Pulley descender|
    CN201921175585.5U| CN212757097U|2018-07-24|2019-07-24|Self-clamping descender|
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